# all() and any() function

The `all()` function in Python is a built-in function that returns `True` if all elements in an iterable are `True`, and `False` otherwise. It takes an iterable (such as a list, tuple, or set) as its argument and returns a Boolean value.

```python
row_len = len(matrix[0])
if not all(len(row) == row_len for row in matrix):
    raise TypeError('Each row of the matrix must have the same size')
```

In the context of the code provided, `all(len(row) == row_len for row in matrix)` checks if the length of each row in the matrix is equal to `row_len`. It iterates over each row in the matrix and evaluates whether the condition `len(row) == row_len` is `True` for all rows. If the condition is `True` for all rows, `all()` returns `True`. Otherwise, it returns `False`.

By using `all()` in this way, you can efficiently check if all rows in the matrix have the same length. If any row has a different length, the expression inside `all()` will evaluate to `False`, and a `TypeError` will be raised.

Here's an example to illustrate the usage of `all()`:

```python
# Check if all elements in the list are greater than 5
my_list = [6, 7, 8, 9]
result = all(elem > 5 for elem in my_list)
print(result)  # Output: True

# Check if all elements in the tuple are even
my_tuple = (2, 4, 6, 9)
result = all(elem % 2 == 0 for elem in my_tuple)
print(result)  # Output: False
```

In the first example, all elements in the list are greater than 5, so `all()` returns `True`. In the second example, there is one element in the tuple (`9`) that is not even, so `all()` returns `False`.

### any()

The `any()` function is another built-in function in Python that returns `True` if at least one element in an iterable is `True`, and `False` if all elements are `False`. It takes an iterable as its argument and returns a Boolean value.

In the context of the code provided, you can use `any()` to check if there is at least one row in the matrix. This can be useful for verifying that the input matrix is not empty.

For example:

```python
def matrix_divided(matrix, div):
    # Input validation checks
    if not isinstance(div, (int, float)):
        raise TypeError('div must be a number')
    if div == 0:
        raise ZeroDivisionError('division by zero')
    if not any(matrix):
        raise ValueError('matrix cannot be empty')
    if not all(isinstance(row, list) for row in matrix):
        raise TypeError('matrix must be a matrix (list of lists)')

    # Rest of the code...
```

In this example, the line `if not any(matrix):` checks if there is at least one row in the matrix. If `any(matrix)` returns `False`, it means the matrix is empty (all elements are `False`), and a `ValueError` is raised.

Here's another example to illustrate the usage of `any()`:

```python
# Check if any element in the list is negative
my_list = [1, 2, -3, 4]
result = any(elem < 0 for elem in my_list)
print(result)  # Output: True

# Check if any element in the tuple is a string
my_tuple = (10, 20, 30, 'hello')
result = any(isinstance(elem, str) for elem in my_tuple)
print(result)  # Output: True
```

In the first example, there is one element in the list (`-3`) that is negative, so `any()` returns `True`. In the second example, there is one element in the tuple (`'hello'`) that is a string, so `any()` returns `True`.